PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.